Chamber of the Commonwealth
Chamber of the Commonwealth 연방의 의회 | |
|---|---|
| Type | |
| Type | Upper Chamber |
Term limits | 6 years |
| History | |
| Founded | October 10, 1985 |
| Leadership | |
Majority Leader | Peter Kang, Free Democrats |
Regent Pro-tempore | Lawrence Darcy, Free Democrats |
Coalition Whip | Amelia Miquel, Liberal Democrats |
| Seats | 100 |
| Elections | |
Last election | 2018 (Class 1) |
Last election | 2021 (Class 2) |
Next election | 2024 (Class 1) |
Next election | 2027 (Class 2) |
| Meeting place | |
| National Assembly | |
The Chamber of the Commonwealth is the constitutionally designated upper chamber of the Haesanite National Assembly. It elects 100 members called regents by popular vote to single member districts by a ranked-choice selection system. There are two classes of regents, each with 50 members each, who are up for election every six years. Typically, only 49 regents are seated a class, as elections cannot be held in Soeyan Province due to the continued occupation of the province by Laeralian authorities. Constituencies are districted according to population, allocated to the province with the greatest number of residents per regent until all constituencies are allocated. Districting and redistricting are managed by the Ministry of the Home Department, with non-partisan oversight provided by the Ethics and Compliance Taskforce. This process is only undertaken if at the conclusion of a census the President asks for the redistricting process to be undertaken, as it can be significantly disruptive. As such, the last redistricting was undertaken in 2005, but it is expected that there will be redrawn boundaries after the 2025 Census results are unveiled. If a Regent is unable to continue their term, the governor of their province shall appoint a replacement.
The Chamber of the Commonwealth is granted the power to veto all legislation which passes the Chamber of Deputies with a two-thirds vote. In doing so, it can either recommend changes to the legislation or strike it down in its entirety. This veto cannot be overruled. The Chamber of the Commonwealth is also solely responsible for overseeing Presidential appointees, which must pass with a majority vote, although there is generally consensus on the vast majority of nominees. These confirmations include appointees to Cabinet positions, nominees for the High Court and other provincial or district courts, provincial governors, ambassadorships, and appointees to cabinet-level offices.
History[edit | edit source]
The Chamber of the Commonwealth was formed by the Constitution of the Second Commonwealth of Haesan, in 1985. It was designed to serve as one of many checks and balances on the power of executives at the conclusion of military rule, notably the Prime Minister, but also the President. While the Chamber of Deputies is also apportioned according to population, the Chamber of the Commonwealth is weighted to give more representation to voters outside of major urban centers and, when compared to the party-list system of the lower chamber, was intentionally designed with single-member districts to encourage deeper constituent-regent ties and more equal regional representation.
The Chamber of the Commonwealth has largely been seen as ineffective in advising the drafting of legislation, as its 1/3 threshold to avoid a veto is almost always met by the majority coalition in the Chamber of Deputies. As such, it is generally staffed by policy veterans or those who have had a falling out with their party leadership, and seek either a quiet advisory role or one more divorced from party politics. As a result of greater policy experience or a higher concentration of independent thinkers, regents are historically far more likely to be tapped for Cabinet positions than deputies, despite being much fewer in number.
Composition[edit | edit source]
| Constituency | Code | Class 1 | Class 2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ville Anfois | AN1 | Pierre Bastien (Nord) | Sabine Heo (NB) | ||
| Anfa Center | AN2 | Emily Choi (FD) | Kwon Ji-seong (NB) | ||
| Villefranche | AN3 | Julie Shin (FD) | Fernand Achard (FD) | ||
| Marchal | AN4 | Simone Auvray (LD) | Clément Levasseur (LD) | ||
| Nord | AN5 | Sylvain Ferrer (Nord) | Marie Boisseau (Nord) | ||
| Boeri | BR | Won Geon-ho (L!) | Ji Chae-hyeon (O!) | ||
| Eungang | EU | Park Tae-woo (FD) | Kim Jae-eun (MP) | ||
| Gyuljang | GJ | Jeong Ju-an (L!) | Jasper Yi (L!) | ||
| Haebam | HB | Ruben Albers (L!) | Ahn Min-gyeol (O!) | ||
| Hwagang | HG | Lee In-seong (FD) | Park Jae-seong (FD) | ||
| Hyeolseo | HS | Song Chang-min (FD) | Im So-yu (LD) | ||
| Imyu | IM | Choi Chan-yu (FD) | Patrick Cho (LD) | ||
| Jakja | JJ | Francisco Concepcion (NHT) | Evangeline Neri (LD) | ||
| Lemonnier | LM | Paul Guignard (L!) | Evelyne Porte (L!) | ||
| Maehwa | MH | Seo Ho-yeong (CP) | Kim Hae-rin (MP) | ||
| Midwest | MW | Jeon Hyeon-seong (CP) | Matthieu Oh (CP) | ||
| Anmi | NH1 | Yoon Da-hyeon (MP) | Jang Hye-won (MP) | ||
| Seojeong | NH2 | Quentin Lee (FD) | Byeon Si-eun (MP) | ||
| Munseong | NH3 | Park Jeong-hyeon (FD) | Yeom Eun-ho (MP) | ||
| Yeocheon | NH4 | Kim Ha-ram (FD) | Choi Yu-mi (FD) | ||
| Ashley | NH5 | Lee Ha-jun (FD) | Suresabai Paramar (LD) | ||
| Northern Maritimes | NM | Lawrence Darcy (FD) | Alexander Clyde (FD) | ||
| Levesque | NL1 | Charlotte Brunet (LD) | Amelia Miquel (LD) | ||
| Myeongsa | NL2 | Kang Yu-chan (FD) | Isao Aoyama (MP) | ||
| Ryujang | RJ | Saskia van der Heiden (L!) | Jelmer Boonstra (L!) | ||
| Seocheon | SC | Park Sang-hyeon (1H) | Hwang Ha-on (LD) | ||
| Sinju North | SH1 | Lee Se-yeon (1H) | Kim Tae-hun (1H) | ||
| Sinju South | SH2 | Kim Seung-jae (FD) | Jeong Min-seong (1H) | ||
| Peninsula | SH3 | Gu Se-hui (1H) | Kwak Jae-hyeok (1H) | ||
| Hanyeong | SH4 | Salmah Kim (FD) | Serkan Bayram (LD) | ||
| Saint Clair | SH5 | Lee Ju-wan (FD) | Zou Huiling (LD) | ||
| Seoyeon | SH6 | Kim Seung-hu (FD) | Seo Yu-seong (FD) | ||
| Soeyan | SN | Vacant | Vacant | ||
| Southern Maritimes | SM | Seong Dong Gyu (FD) | Caroline Formosa (FD) | ||
| Hyangsan | SG1 | Park Eun-bi (CP) | Kim Yeon-jun (CP) | ||
| Seowon | SG2 | Lee In-tae (FD) | Woo Seo-jun (FD) | ||
| Hoseon | SG3 | Lee Eun-seong (CP) | Jang Tae-yang (CP) | ||
| Apseong | SG4 | Kwon Ga-yeong (FD) | Jo Chan-yeong (CP) | ||
| Haeyang | SY1 | Choi Jae-hwan (FD) | Oh Jeong-hu (FD) | ||
| Haeseomun | SY2 | Seong Hye-in (NB) | Julia Yuri Valencia (NB) | ||
| Choejaseong | SY3 | Hong Ho-seong (FD) | Peter Kang (FD) | ||
| Sunseong | SY4 | Jin Min-jun (FD) | Eliza Yang (NB) | ||
| Palace | SY5 | Amelia Dalton (LD) | Pjotrs Eglitis (NB) | ||
| Nageunho | SY6 | Hwang Su-bin (LD) | Jeong Chae-yeon (MP) | ||
| Yeongwon | SY7 | Moon Geon-u (FD) | Lee Ji-han (FD) | ||
| Port Owens | SY8 | Patrick McCollough (LD) | Amadou Diakhate (NB) | ||
| Yuju | SY9 | Kim Seo-ha (FD) | An Yun-seong (FD) | ||
| Eunha | SY10 | Choi Si-hun (FD) | Yeong Chan-yeong (LD) | ||
| Vernier | VR | Gaston Constant (L!) | Annette Leblanc (L!) | ||
| Yeongnam | YN | Kim Sang-jun (FD) | Anthony Park (MP) | ||