Mallacaland Revolution

Mallacaland Revolution
Part of Wars in Mallacaland
Mallacaland Rising are pushed out of Al-Kamiah on January 12th, 2021
Location Mallancaland
Belligerents
Mallancaland	Protestors	Royal Guard of Mallacaland
Commanders and leaders
King Abdin II, King Abdin III (after Febuary 2021)	No central leadership	Commander Najib Ahmar
Units involved
Mallacaland Army	Protesters	Royal Guard
Strength
40,000-50,000	100,000-150,000	500
Casualties and losses
1,769 dead, 5,480 wounded, 300 MIA	3,000-5,000 dead	300-400

The Mallacaland Revolution was a series of protests leading to a period of violence in 2021 within Mallancaland. The Emirate of Mallacaland was pushed out of power by a coup that backed King Abdin III, a younger cousin of King Abdin II. This takeover was backed by the Council of Emirs. Soon the new king was counter-couped by the Royal Guards in April 2021. This was followed by the Mallacaland Civil War.

Causes

In 2018 after King Abdin the founder of the modern Mallacaland state died. His son King Abdin II led a period of some social reforms of the state authority, however, the Council of Emirs overuled the King, per the rules set out in the 1994 Agreement of Mallacaland City. This meant, that the Council of Emirs as a collective held much of the power within the Emirate. This lack of progress did lead to brief protests in 2019 and 2020, both however failed to gain the kind of national support, and those behind both of these movements were arrested. Mallacaland City University had often a basis for political action and after the 2021 Ministry of Religious Affairs Guidelines, students protested.

History

Intial Protest

The Ministry of Religious Affairs's guidelines had often frustrated reformers with the guidelines being enforced by police. On January 2nd, 2021 a mural appeared at Mallacaland City University declaring "Mallacaland Rising" The spread of the mural on social media led to nationwide attention, especially after videos of students being arrested as police searched for the original painter. The next day, an impromptu protest was joined in mass by a mix of officer workers and school students. The same night, a group of people dressed as protestors stormed Mallacaland International Airport disrupting passengers and leading to the cancellation of flights. Internal documents later revealed this as a false flag operation by the Royal Guard in association with local gangs. Surprisingly the next day, King Abdin II met with protestors gathered outside the Palace of Mallacaland speaking to a selected group of activists. Experts suggest King Abdin II had always been sympathetic to the movement and simply created an excuse for planned actions.

First Coup

King Abdin II was removed by the Council of Emirs for supporting the protests. Although the initial coup was bloodless, supporters of King Abdin II were removed from Royal Offices and the younger cousin of Abdin II and grandchild of Abdin I was declared as King Hassan (now known as King Abdin III). However, because of his age of 10 years at the time, a regent was put in place. Although he had been initially criticized, King Abdin II quickly became a leader in the non-violent protests against the government that had removed him from power. Around the same much of the local police forces declared themselves loyal to King Abdin II and refused to cooperate with the new King's orders to combat protesters. Eventually, Mallacaland Rising was created as a central organizing front, with the flag of the group becoming the symbol of resistance. On January 11th, over 150,000 protesters surrounded the Royal Palace, eventually, King Abdin II negotiated for free elections as initially demanded by protesters. At this time Slokais Islands sent peacekeepers to ensure the election.

Febuary 2021 Election

On January 23rd, the SIS Victoria City docked in Mallacaland Harbor deploying a small unit of Slokasian Peacekeepers. Initial protests continued ahead of the election although government curfews kept protests limited. During the week leading up to the election, multiple reports of voter intimidation tarnished the promised free and fair election. Because of these tactics and government provisions to election laws, opposition parties made minimal gains against the dominant Mallacaland Union Party. Post-election violence largely failed to be contained by outnumbered peacekeepers, who were attacked by both police and protesters.

Lauchenoiria Incident

On February 3rd, after the government of Lauchenoiria suggested imposing sanctions on Mallacaland, federal police raided the Lauchenoirian Cultural Center, injuring and taking hostage those inside; as well as surrounding the Lauchenoirian Embassy and demanding those inside exited. This incident triggered an international backlash against the government of Mallacaland. The government of King Hassan demanded 40 million dollars from Lauchenoiria for the release of hostages, however Lauchenoiria refused to pay this ransom and threatened military strikes if hostages were not released within 48 hours. Because of the incident and growing international pressure, Muharrem II of Serriel visited King Hassan as well as Prime Minister Mohamed Karif. The combination of both of these events led to the eventual release of hostages. Leaked documents revealed in 2023 indicated that following the incident, Lauchenoiria considered the possibility of a military invasion of Mallacaland before deciding against the idea.

Second Coup

On February 11th, a renewed protest in Mallacland City began, however soon gang members linked to the government began a fire in a densely packed part of the protest before opening fire. This incident is considered by some to be the true start of the Mallacland Civil War as militant groups soon formed with the alleged support of Milintica. On the following day, military bases across the country were attacked by armed militants. Seeing the chaos, Colonel Nabir Ahmar declared himself King after removing supporters of King Hassan from the Royal Palace. This meant there were multiple governments declaring themselves as the true authority of Mallacland. Many historians declare this moment as the start of the Mallancaland Civil War.