Vulkaria: Difference between revisions
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===Reconstruction Era (1991-1999)=== | ===Reconstruction Era (1991-1999)=== | ||
===Second War in Vulkaria (1999-2005)=== | ===Second War in Vulkaria (1999-2005)=== | ||
===Post-war period (2005-present)=== | ===Post-war period (2005-2017)=== | ||
While the violent insurgency of the war continued in 2004, President [[Pokia Dirries]] announced that he would not run for re-election. Two major candidates emerged in the 2004 presidential election. [[Benjamin Usari]], the incumbent Prime Minister, supported by both Dirries and by the International Coalition, wanted closer ties with [[Zamastan]], [[Cadair]], and [[Legionas]]. The main opposition candidate, [[Damian Emorgi]], called for Vulkaria to turn its attention westward and aim to eventually join the IDUSA. In the runoff election, Usari officially won by a narrow margin, but Emorgi and his supporters alleged that vote rigging and intimidation cost him many votes, especially in southern Vulkaria. A political crisis erupted after the opposition started massive street protests in Vulkar and other cities ("[[Grey Revolution]]"), and the [[Supreme Court of Vulkaria]] ordered the election results null and void. A second runoff found Benjamin Usari the winner. Five days later, Dirries resigned from office and his cabinet was dismissed on 5 January 2005. | |||
During the Usari term, relations between Zamastan and Vulkaria often appeared strained as Usari looked towards improved relations with nations like [[Xiomera]] and [[Shen]] and less toward Zamastan. In 2005, a highly publicized dispute over natural gas prices with Zamastan caused shortages in many countries that were reliant on Vulkaria as a transit country. A compromise was reached in January 2006. | |||
By the time of the presidential election of 2008, Usari and [[Julian Tyra]] — allies during the Orange Revolution — had become bitter enemies. Tyra ran for president against Usari, creating a three-way race. Usari, whose popularity had plummeted, persisted in running, and many pro-Orange voters stayed home. In the second round of the election Usari won the run-off ballot with 48% to Tyra's 45% and was reelected. | |||
During his second term (2008–2012) Usari and his Party of Regions were accused of trying to create a "controlled democracy" in Vulkaria and of trying to destroy the main opposition party Bloc Julian Tyra, but both have denied these charges. One frequently cited example of Usari's attempts to centralize power was the 2011 sentencing of Julian Tyra, which has been condemned by many governments who were part of the Coalition as potentially being politically motivated. | |||
[[File:Euromaidan Kyiv 1-12-13 by Gnatoush 009.jpg|thumbnail|2011 protests in [[Vulkar]]]] | |||
In November 2011, President Usari did not sign the Vulkaria-Coalition Association Agreement and instead pursued closer ties with nations considered adversaries to the former Coalition forces. This move sparked protests on the streets of Vulkar and, ultimately, the 2011 revolution. Protesters set up camps in Vulkar and [[Amstelveen]], and in December 2011, protesters started taking over various government buildings, first in Vulkar and, later, in southern Vulkaria. Battles between protesters and police resulted in about 80 deaths in February 2012. | |||
Following the violence the Vulkarian parliament on 22 February voted to remove Usari from power (on the grounds that his whereabouts were unknown and he thus could not fulfill his duties), and to free Julian Tyra from prison. The same day Usari supporter [[Jacob Weirter]] resigned as speaker of the Parliament, and was replaced by Tyra loyalist [[Farhen Brooks]], who was subsequently installed as interim President. Usari had fled Vulkar, and subsequently gave a press conference in the Malvarian Liberation Front controlled city of [[Thunville]]. In June, an emergency election put Farhen Brooks into the Presidency, and he assumed power on July 1st, 2012. On 3rd January 2016, Farhen Brooks was re-elected president in the first round of the presidential election. | |||
===Current Day (2017-present)=== | |||
[[File:2014-07-31. Батальон «Донбасс» под Первомайском 29.jpg|thumbnail| [[Civil unrest in Vulkaria|Conflict in Northwest Vulkaria]], Thunville, July 2017]] | |||
In May 2017, the [[Vulkarian Summer Rebel Offensive (2017)|insurgent uprising by the joint force of M.L.A. and V.N.A. rebellion]] occurred. The violent and fast armed insurgency was denounced by most in the IDU and Zamastan as illegal. | |||
Anti-Vulkarian unrest in Northwest Vulkaria and south Vulkaria began when, in June 2017, Vulkarian separatists self-proclaimed the Vulkarian People's Republic and Thunia People's Republic and held referendums on 11 June 2014; the separatists claimed nearly 90% voted in favor of independence. Zamastanian intelligence confirmed much of the vote was manipulated by the [[Malvarian Liberation Front]] and [[Vulkarian National Army]] oppression. Later in July 2017, fighting between the Vulkarian army and pro-Vulkarian volunteer battalions on one side, and forces supporting the M.L.F. and V.N.A. on the other side, escalated into the Conflict in Northwest Vulkaria. By December 2017 more than 16,400 people had died in this conflict and according to IDU figures it led to over half a million people becoming internally displaced within Vulkaria and two hundred thousand refugees to flee to (mostly) Zamastan and other neighboring countries. During the same period, political (including adoption of the law on lustration and the law on decommunization) and economic reforms started. | |||
In October of 2017, [[Tofino October 2017 Attacks|terrorists from Vulkaria attacked Zamastan and killed over 430 people]], and [[President of Zamastan]] [[Zacharias Castovia]] brought a new string of coalition forces with [[Cadair]] into the nation in the form of airstrikes at the request of President Brooks. The Zamastanian and Cadairian airstrikes halted in May 2019 under orders from President [[Anya Bishop]], though the conflict had escalated. | |||
By the second half of 2018, independent observers noted that reforms in Vulkaria had considerably slowed down, corruption did not subside, and the economy of Vulkaria was still in a deep crisis. | |||
By December 2019, more than 39,100 people had died (largely civilians) in the conflict, according to Zamastanian figures. | |||
==Geography== | ==Geography== | ||
Revision as of 22:59, 26 December 2019
Federation of Vulkaria | |
|---|---|
 Flag | |
| Motto: United Against Oppression | |
 | |
| Capital | Vulkar |
| Demonym(s) | Vulkarian |
| Government | Federal Republic |
• President | Farhen Brooks |
| Establishment | |
• Unity of Vulkaria | 1922 |
• Federation of Vulkaria | 1982 |
| Area | |
• Total | 550,523 km2 (212,558 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• Estimate | 66,903,000 |
| Gini (2016) | 9.32 low |
| HDI (2016) | 0.76 high |
| Currency | Vulkarian mark (VMM) |
| Date format | mm-dd-yyyy |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +647 |
| Internet TLD | .vu |
The Federation of Vulkaria, simply known as Vulkaria is a nation located in South Hespia, bordered by Zerphique to the west. It is made up of several hilly peninsulas and lowland areas. It is a capitalist economy that thrives on the energy sector, natural resources, and it's geographic location as the influx of the world's busiest shipping route that intersects through the Strait of Vulkaria and Elkjop Bay separating Vulkaria from Gladysynthia. The city of Amstelveen is the largest city in the nation, followed by the capital of Vulkar, and is one of the world's most lucrative economic hubs and shipping ports.
Known for its compassionate, democratic, devout population, Vulkarians are fiercely patriotic and enjoy great social equality; they tend to view other capitalist countries as somewhat immoral and corrupt, while the government led by President Farhen Brooks has been able to keep the consumerist views alive even amidst rising political tensions. Vulkaria has historically been the forefront of many wars and power struggles, including perhaps most notably the 1982 Vulkaria Coup D'etat which led to the First War in Vulkaria, which lasted 8 years and, for a time, was one of the most violent wars in modern history until the subsequent 1999-2005 Second War in Vulkaria killed over 2.1 Million people. The nation is currently experiencing a period of civil unrest with the on-going insurgency that has pitted federal and international coalition forces against rebel and terror organizations like the Malvarian Liberation Front and Vulkarian National Army.
Vulkaria is a member of the International Democratic Union, and previously was one of the co-founders of the United Crown Alliance alongside Zamastan, Gladysynthia, and Cadair.
History
Early History
Neanderthal settlement in Vulkaria is seen in the Irina archaeological sites (43,000–45,000 BC) which include a mammoth bone dwelling. The territory is also considered to be one of the likely locations for the human domestication of the horse.
Modern human settlement in Vulkaria and its vicinity dates back to 32,000 BC, with evidence of the Hi culture in the Monza Mountains. By 4,500 BC, the Neolithic Hi–Trypa culture flourished in wide areas of modern Vulkaria. During the Iron Age, the land was inhabited by descendants of Zamastanian Kelownan, Gladysynthian Åethnoa, and Vulkarian Deventers. Between 700 BC and 200 BC it was part of the Deventer Kingdom, or Deventia.
Beginning in the sixth century BC, colonies of Hespian empires were founded on the northeastern shore of the Melville Bay and the Bay of Kas. These colonies thrived well into the sixth century AD.
Golden Age of Deventia
As historians state, the city of Vulkar was established during the time when area around the mid- and low-Monza was the part of the Deventia state. He derived that information from local legends because no written chronicles from that period are left.
In 882, Vulkar was conquered from the Farhonian by the Deventian noble Oleg who started the long period of rule of the Finian princes. During this time, several tribes were native to Vulkaria. Situated on lucrative trade routes, Vulkar quickly prospered as the center of the powerful Vulkarian state of Mevaan.
In 941 AD, the prince of Vulkar invaded the Gladysynthian Empire but was defeated in the Mevaan-Gladys War (941).
In the 11th century, Mevaan was, geographically, one of the largest states in South Hespia, becoming known in the rest of Hespia as Mevaania.
Christianity
While Christianity had made headway into the territory of Vulkaria before the first ecumenical council, the Council of Ostolvenia (325) (particularly along the Black Sea coast) and, in western Vulkaria, the formal governmental acceptance of Christianity in Mevaan occurred in 988. The major promoter of the Christianization of Mevaan was the Grand-Duke, Foran the Great (Foran). His Christian interest was midwifed by his grandmother, Princess Olga.
Conflict among the various principalities of Mevaan, in spite of the efforts of Grand Prince Miraan Edjoo, led to decline, beginning in the 12th century. In the Vulkar region, the nascent Mevaan principalities of Lir and Fonagona extended their rule. Vulkar was sacked by Miraan principality (1169) in the power struggle between princes and later by Riti and Dona raiders in the 12th and 13th centuries, respectively. Subsequently, all principalities of present-day Vulkaria acknowledged dependence upon the Dona (1239–1240). In 1240, the Dona sacked Vulkar, and many people fled to other countries.
Five years after the fall of Vulkar, a papal envoy wrote:
"They destroyed cities and castles and killed men and Vulkar, which is the greatest city they besieged; and when they had besieged it a long while they took it and killed the people of the city. So when we went through that country we found countless human skulls and bones from the dead scattered over the field. Indeed it had been a very great and populous city and now is reduced almost to nothing. In fact there are hardly two hundred houses there now and the people are held in the strictest servitude."
14th century
Formation (1950)
Political Separations (1951-1982)
Coup, First War in Vulkaria (1982-1991)
Reconstruction Era (1991-1999)
Second War in Vulkaria (1999-2005)
Post-war period (2005-2017)
While the violent insurgency of the war continued in 2004, President Pokia Dirries announced that he would not run for re-election. Two major candidates emerged in the 2004 presidential election. Benjamin Usari, the incumbent Prime Minister, supported by both Dirries and by the International Coalition, wanted closer ties with Zamastan, Cadair, and Legionas. The main opposition candidate, Damian Emorgi, called for Vulkaria to turn its attention westward and aim to eventually join the IDUSA. In the runoff election, Usari officially won by a narrow margin, but Emorgi and his supporters alleged that vote rigging and intimidation cost him many votes, especially in southern Vulkaria. A political crisis erupted after the opposition started massive street protests in Vulkar and other cities ("Grey Revolution"), and the Supreme Court of Vulkaria ordered the election results null and void. A second runoff found Benjamin Usari the winner. Five days later, Dirries resigned from office and his cabinet was dismissed on 5 January 2005.
During the Usari term, relations between Zamastan and Vulkaria often appeared strained as Usari looked towards improved relations with nations like Xiomera and Shen and less toward Zamastan. In 2005, a highly publicized dispute over natural gas prices with Zamastan caused shortages in many countries that were reliant on Vulkaria as a transit country. A compromise was reached in January 2006.
By the time of the presidential election of 2008, Usari and Julian Tyra — allies during the Orange Revolution — had become bitter enemies. Tyra ran for president against Usari, creating a three-way race. Usari, whose popularity had plummeted, persisted in running, and many pro-Orange voters stayed home. In the second round of the election Usari won the run-off ballot with 48% to Tyra's 45% and was reelected.
During his second term (2008–2012) Usari and his Party of Regions were accused of trying to create a "controlled democracy" in Vulkaria and of trying to destroy the main opposition party Bloc Julian Tyra, but both have denied these charges. One frequently cited example of Usari's attempts to centralize power was the 2011 sentencing of Julian Tyra, which has been condemned by many governments who were part of the Coalition as potentially being politically motivated.
In November 2011, President Usari did not sign the Vulkaria-Coalition Association Agreement and instead pursued closer ties with nations considered adversaries to the former Coalition forces. This move sparked protests on the streets of Vulkar and, ultimately, the 2011 revolution. Protesters set up camps in Vulkar and Amstelveen, and in December 2011, protesters started taking over various government buildings, first in Vulkar and, later, in southern Vulkaria. Battles between protesters and police resulted in about 80 deaths in February 2012.
Following the violence the Vulkarian parliament on 22 February voted to remove Usari from power (on the grounds that his whereabouts were unknown and he thus could not fulfill his duties), and to free Julian Tyra from prison. The same day Usari supporter Jacob Weirter resigned as speaker of the Parliament, and was replaced by Tyra loyalist Farhen Brooks, who was subsequently installed as interim President. Usari had fled Vulkar, and subsequently gave a press conference in the Malvarian Liberation Front controlled city of Thunville. In June, an emergency election put Farhen Brooks into the Presidency, and he assumed power on July 1st, 2012. On 3rd January 2016, Farhen Brooks was re-elected president in the first round of the presidential election.
Current Day (2017-present)
In May 2017, the insurgent uprising by the joint force of M.L.A. and V.N.A. rebellion occurred. The violent and fast armed insurgency was denounced by most in the IDU and Zamastan as illegal.
Anti-Vulkarian unrest in Northwest Vulkaria and south Vulkaria began when, in June 2017, Vulkarian separatists self-proclaimed the Vulkarian People's Republic and Thunia People's Republic and held referendums on 11 June 2014; the separatists claimed nearly 90% voted in favor of independence. Zamastanian intelligence confirmed much of the vote was manipulated by the Malvarian Liberation Front and Vulkarian National Army oppression. Later in July 2017, fighting between the Vulkarian army and pro-Vulkarian volunteer battalions on one side, and forces supporting the M.L.F. and V.N.A. on the other side, escalated into the Conflict in Northwest Vulkaria. By December 2017 more than 16,400 people had died in this conflict and according to IDU figures it led to over half a million people becoming internally displaced within Vulkaria and two hundred thousand refugees to flee to (mostly) Zamastan and other neighboring countries. During the same period, political (including adoption of the law on lustration and the law on decommunization) and economic reforms started.
In October of 2017, terrorists from Vulkaria attacked Zamastan and killed over 430 people, and President of Zamastan Zacharias Castovia brought a new string of coalition forces with Cadair into the nation in the form of airstrikes at the request of President Brooks. The Zamastanian and Cadairian airstrikes halted in May 2019 under orders from President Anya Bishop, though the conflict had escalated.
By the second half of 2018, independent observers noted that reforms in Vulkaria had considerably slowed down, corruption did not subside, and the economy of Vulkaria was still in a deep crisis.
By December 2019, more than 39,100 people had died (largely civilians) in the conflict, according to Zamastanian figures.
Geography
The landscape of Vulkaria consists mostly of fertile plains (or steppes) and plateaus, crossed by rivers such as the Vulkar, Godenia, and Panne as they flow south into the Strait of Vulkaria, Elkjop Bay, and the Bay of Kas. Vulkaria's various regions have diverse geographic features ranging from the highlands to the lowlands. The country's only mountains are the Monza Mountains in the west, of which the highest is the Mora Moverla at 2,061 metres (6,762 ft), and the Deventer Mountains on the Deventer Peninusla in the north. However Vulkaria also has a number of highland regions such as the Lacarno Upland (in the west) and the Near-Depanne Upland (on the right bank of the Panne River); to the east there are the south-western spurs of the Central Vulkarian Upland over which runs the border with Zerphique. The snow melt from the mountains feeds the rivers, and natural changes in altitude form sudden drops in elevation and give rise to waterfalls.
Significant natural resources in Vulkaria include iron ore, coal, manganese, natural gas, oil, salt, sulphur, graphite, titanium, magnesium, kaolin, nickel, mercury, timber and an abundance of arable land. Despite this, the country faces a number of major environmental issues such as inadequate supplies of potable water; air- and water-pollution and deforestation, as well as radiation contamination in the north-east from the 1992 Treviso Nuclear Crisis.