Grundhavn City Council: Difference between revisions

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| house1            = City Council
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| structure1        = Grundhavn_City_Council_Diagram.png
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| political_groups1  = {{ublist|class=nowrap
| political_groups1  = '''Government (24)'''
  | {{Color box|{{New Sanctaria Party/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} [[New Sanctaria Party]] (4)
{{ublist|class=nowrap
  | {{Color box|purple|border=darkgray}} [[Christian Union Party (Sanctaria)|Christian Union Party]] (2)
  | {{Color box|#1d6996|border=darkgray}} [[Constitutional Liberal Party (Grundhavn)|Constitutional Liberal Party]] (9)
  | {{Color box|blue|border=darkgray}} [[Sanctarian Conservative Party]] (10)
| {{Color box|#edad08|border=darkgray}} [[Christian Democrats (Grundhavn)|Christian Democrats]] (5)
  | {{Color box|grey|border=darkgray}} [[Independent politician|Independents]] (3)
| {{Color box|#73af48|border=darkgray}} [[Farmers' League (Grundhavn)|Farmers' League]] (4)
  | {{Color box|orange|border=darkgray}} [[Democratic Left Party (Sanctaria)|Democratic Left Party]] (14)
  | {{Color box|#00c8c2|border=darkgray}} [[Free Liberals (Grundhavn)|Free Liberals]] (3)
  | {{Color box|green|border=darkgray}} [[Green Party (Sanctaria)|Green Party]] (7)
| {{Color box|#004080|border=darkgray}} [[Grundhavish Right]] (3)
<br />'''Supported by (9)'''
| {{Color box|#fffa2b|border=darkgray}} [[Business Bloc (Grundhavn)|Business Bloc]] (9)
<br />'''Opposition (189)'''
| {{Color box|#f50a1c|border=darkgray}} [[People's Democratic Party (Grundhavn)|People's Democratic Party]] (6)
| {{Color box|#672e63|border=darkgray}} [[New Centre (Grundhavn)|New Centre]] (2)
  | {{Color box|#357b5e|border=darkgray}} [[Justice Party (Grundhavn)|Justice Party]] (1)
  | {{Color box|#ff8000|border=darkgray}} [[Lutheran People's Party (Grundhavn)|Lutheran People's Party]] (1)
  | {{Color box|#000000|border=darkgray}} [[Pirate Party (Grundhavn)|Pirate Party]] (1)
  | {{Color box|#1dff17|border=darkgray}} [[Green Alternative (Grundhavn)|Green Alternative]] (1)
| {{Color box|#000080|border=darkgray}} [[Law & Liberty (Grundhavn)|Law & Liberty]] (1)
| {{Color box|#808040|border=darkgray}} [[Party of National Progress (Grundhavn)|Party of National Progress]] (1)
| {{Color box|#808080|border=darkgray}} [[Union Bloc (Grundhavn)|Union Bloc]] (9)
}}
}}
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| session_room      = Grundhavn City Hall.jpeg
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| meeting_place      = [[City Hall, Grundhavn|City Hall]]<br/>[[Grundhavn]], Grundhavn
| meeting_place      = [[City Hall, Grundhavn|City Hall]]<br/>[[Grundhavn]], Grundhavn
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The '''Federal Parliament of the Divine Federation''', also known as the '''Federal Parliament of Sanctaria''', '''Parliament of Sanctaria''', or the '''Sanctarian Houses of Parliament''', is the bicameral federal legislature of the [[Sanctaria|Divine Federation of Sanctaria]]. In Sanctaria itself it is commonly known as simply '''Parliament'''. The legislature consists of two houses or chambers: the [[Sanctarian House of Deputies|House of Deputies]], which is the lower house, and the [[Sanctarian Senate|Senate]], which is the upper house. Officially the [[President of Sanctaria]] also forms a part of the [[Constitution of Sanctaria|constitutional]] parliamentary structure.
The '''Grundhavn City Council''', also known as the '''City Council of Grundhavn''', or '''City Council''', is the unicameral legislature of [[Grundhavn|Grundhavn]].  


Parliament was created by the [[Constitution of Sanctaria]] and first met in 1974, and has met in [[Parliament House]], which is located in [[Sanctus]], since 2012. Both deputies and senators are chosen through direct election, with any vacanices mid-term filled via by-election. Parliament has 839 voting members: 799 deputies and 40 senators.
City Council existed prior to the official [[Constitution of Grundhavn]] and first met in 1746, but since 1834 has had its powers enumerated by the constitution. It meets in Grundhavn City Hall.  


The members of the House of Deputies serve five-year terms representing the people of a single constituency, generally known as a "district". Parliamentary districts are apportioned by population using census results. Each [[States of Sanctaria|Sanctarian state]], plus the expatriate population of Sanctarian citizens, regardless of population or size, elects four senators. Currently, there are 40 senators representing the nine states and single expatriate constituency. Each senator is elected at-large for a seven-year term.
It has 56 members, 38 of whom are elected and 18 who are appointed. The 38 elected members are elected by parallel representation, with 8 members elected by instant-runoff voting from each of the 8 quarters (bydelen) and 30 elected by nationwide proportional representation. Of the 18 appointed members, 9 are appointed by a congress of labour unions and 9 are appointed by a congress of business sectors, commonly known as "guilds." All members serve four-year terms.


To be eligible for election, a candidate must be aged at least 25, have been a citizen of Sanctaria for five years, and be an inhabitant of the borough or district which they seek to represent; in the case of the senators elected to represent the Sanctarian expatriate population, they may be resident anywhere in Sanctaria.
To be eligible for election, a candidate must be aged at least 30, have been a citizen of Grundhavn for nine years, and be an inhabitant of the quarter they seek to represent (or simply live in Grundhavn in the case of proportional seats); in the case of the members elected to represent the guilds or unions, they must be a member of said guild or union.


==History==
==History==
The first democratic and directly elected Parliament was established upon the creation of the Divine Republic of Sanctaria in November 1974. Prior to this, Sanctaria was a member of a theocratic empire with an absolute monarchy, the Papal States of Sanctaria. The [[Patriarch of the Church of Sanctaria]], who was also Sovereign of the Papal States, ruled by decree, though was generally advised on matters by a close council of confidants. The last Patriarch to also be Sovereign of the Papal States, Aequitas IV, decreed that on his death the Papal States would be disbanded and, several months before he died, advised constituent countries within the Papal States to begin preparations for imminent independence, including elections to new parliaments. Sanctaria was one of those jurisdictions to comply.


The first elections took place in September 1974, and those elected took office on 19 November 1974 upon the death of the Patriarch.
==Composition==
 
The 8 IRV seats elected from the city quarters often go to the largest parties, even as voters are given the opportunity to rank as many candidates as they wish. This is because, despite the proliferation of smaller parties, the larger parties still attract the largest number of first-preference votes and thus survive to later rounds. The 30 proportional representation seats have no official electoral threshold, but the 30 seats mean that there is an effective threshold of 3.33% (1/30). It is not uncommon to see parties with only 1 seat in the City Council, since many can reach the threshold of 3.33%.
Until August 2012, Parliament met in [[St. George's Palace]], in central [[Sanctus]]. However, the growing numbers of combined deputies and senators necessitated new accomodation and a new parliamentary campus was purpose-built in [[Temple Park]], a large walled urban park about a kilometer way, also conveniently located in the city centre of Sanctus. Named [[Parliament House (Sanctaria)|Parliament House]], the complex cost approximately S£7.5 million. It is large enough to host the two houses' plenary chambers, and offices for all deputies and senators.
 
When Sanctaria was federalised on 01 January 2019, the parliament was renamed as the Federal Parliament of Sanctaria.  


==Composition==
The 18 appointed seats can be divided into a "Union Bloc" and a "Business Bloc", with 9 members each sitting in their own group in the City Council.
The House of Deputies, the lower house, is directly elected under universal suffrage of all Sanctarian citizens who are residents and at least eighteen years old. An election is held at least once every five years as required by law, however, the house can be dissolved at any time at the request of the [[Federal Chancellor of Sanctaria|Chancellor]]. House elections use a system of direct election, via the [[wiki:First-Past-the-Post|First-Past-the-Post]] method. The House has had 799 members since 2007.  


The Senate is likewise directly elected, but under [[wiki:PR-STV|proportional representation by way of the single transferable vote]]. Elections to the Senate are held at least once every seven years by law, however, the chamber can be dissolved at any time should a majority of its members vote to do so. If upon the dissolution of the House, there is less than 30 months remaining of the Senate's term, the Chancellor has the option to also dissolve the Senate. The Senate has 40 members; until 2020, it had 100 members since its foundation. It has only been open to direct election under universal suffrage since 2013.
To choose the Union Bloc representatives, representatives of the different sectoral unions meet. Although there are many sectoral unions, influential unions like the Hospital Workers' Union, Longshoremen's Union, Steelworkers' Union, and Fishermen's Union are virtually guaranteed seats. By law, no more than one representative of any union may be elected.


The President of Sanctaria is directly elected once every ten years, and may serve a maximum of two terms.
To choose the Business Bloc representatives, representatives of the different guilds meet. Although there are many guilds, influential unions like the Traders' Guild, Bankers' Guild, Hospitality Guild, and Farmers' Guild are virtually guaranteed seats. By law, no more than one representative of any guild may be elected.


==Role==
==Role==
Parliament has primary legislative responsibility for all federal matters within Sanctaria. To become law, a bill must first be approved by both the House and the Senate, and then signed into law by the President. Bills to amend the Constitution must also be approved by the People in a referendum prior to being presented to the President. In most circumstances, the President is in effect obliged to sign all laws approved by Parliament, although he or she has the power to refer most bills to the Supreme Court for a ruling on constitutionality.
The City Council has primary legislative responsibility for all matters within Grundhavn. To become law, a bill must first be approved by the City Council, and then by the [[Lord Mayor of Grundhavn|Lord Mayor]] and [[State Council of Grundhavn|State Council]].  
 
The [[Government of Sanctaria]] is solely responsible to the House of Deputies, and the Chancellor stays in office only as long as he or she retains the support of a majority of the House. However, it is the role of the Senate to approve or reject the Chancellor's nominees for Secretaries of State, or cabinet ministers. It is also the responsibility of the Senate to approve or reject any nominees to non-parliamentary state posts such as members of the judiciary, the heads of the police and military, and ambassadors.
 
===Privilege===
Each house possesses various privileges rooted in the [[Constitution of Sanctaria|constitution]].


The foremost privilege claimed by both houses is that of freedom of speech in debate; nothing said in either house may be questioned in any court or other institution outside of Parliament itself. Another privilege claimed is that of freedom from arrest, excluding arrest on serious criminal charges; it applies during a session of Parliament, and 40 days before or after such a session.
The [[Government of Grundhavn]] is responsible to the City Council, and the Supreme Councillor stays in office only as long as he or she retains the support of the City Council. It is also the role of the City Council to elect the Lord Mayor and approve or reject his or her nominees for the State Council.  


Both the House and the Senate possess the power to punish breaches of their privilege. Contempt of Parliament—for example, disobedience of a subpoena issued by a committee—may also be punished.


==Parliament Commission==
While each house is empowered to organise its own business, they co-operate in practical matters arising from the fact that they share Parliament House as a common building complex. The Parliament Commission was established by statute in 2003, when Parliament was located in St. George's Palace to provide a formal structure for this, which was previously done by a joint committee. Non-political support staff, such as ushers, are employed by this Commission and treated as part of the Sanctarian civil service. The Commission's chairperson rotates each year between the [[Speaker of the Sanctarian House of Deputies|Speaker of the House]] and the [[Moderator of the Sanctarian Senate|Moderator of the Senate]]; other members are the clerks of both houses, and six appointed members; of which three are appointed by the Speaker, and three by the Moderator.


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 09:38, 9 May 2023

Grundhavn City Council

Grundhavn Byråd
Type
Type
Unicameral
History
FoundedJanuary 1, 1746 (1746-01-01)
Leadership
Hjalmar Frederiksen, (CLP)
Since 08 March 2018
Structure
Seats56 City Councillors
City Council political groups
Government (24)
Elections
City Council voting system
Parallel voting, 38 seats (IRV + Proportional), indirect election, 18 seats
City Council last election
17 January, 2020
Meeting place
City Hall
Grundhavn, Grundhavn

The Grundhavn City Council, also known as the City Council of Grundhavn, or City Council, is the unicameral legislature of Grundhavn.

City Council existed prior to the official Constitution of Grundhavn and first met in 1746, but since 1834 has had its powers enumerated by the constitution. It meets in Grundhavn City Hall.

It has 56 members, 38 of whom are elected and 18 who are appointed. The 38 elected members are elected by parallel representation, with 8 members elected by instant-runoff voting from each of the 8 quarters (bydelen) and 30 elected by nationwide proportional representation. Of the 18 appointed members, 9 are appointed by a congress of labour unions and 9 are appointed by a congress of business sectors, commonly known as "guilds." All members serve four-year terms.

To be eligible for election, a candidate must be aged at least 30, have been a citizen of Grundhavn for nine years, and be an inhabitant of the quarter they seek to represent (or simply live in Grundhavn in the case of proportional seats); in the case of the members elected to represent the guilds or unions, they must be a member of said guild or union.

History[edit | edit source]

Composition[edit | edit source]

The 8 IRV seats elected from the city quarters often go to the largest parties, even as voters are given the opportunity to rank as many candidates as they wish. This is because, despite the proliferation of smaller parties, the larger parties still attract the largest number of first-preference votes and thus survive to later rounds. The 30 proportional representation seats have no official electoral threshold, but the 30 seats mean that there is an effective threshold of 3.33% (1/30). It is not uncommon to see parties with only 1 seat in the City Council, since many can reach the threshold of 3.33%.

The 18 appointed seats can be divided into a "Union Bloc" and a "Business Bloc", with 9 members each sitting in their own group in the City Council.

To choose the Union Bloc representatives, representatives of the different sectoral unions meet. Although there are many sectoral unions, influential unions like the Hospital Workers' Union, Longshoremen's Union, Steelworkers' Union, and Fishermen's Union are virtually guaranteed seats. By law, no more than one representative of any union may be elected.

To choose the Business Bloc representatives, representatives of the different guilds meet. Although there are many guilds, influential unions like the Traders' Guild, Bankers' Guild, Hospitality Guild, and Farmers' Guild are virtually guaranteed seats. By law, no more than one representative of any guild may be elected.

Role[edit | edit source]

The City Council has primary legislative responsibility for all matters within Grundhavn. To become law, a bill must first be approved by the City Council, and then by the Lord Mayor and State Council.

The Government of Grundhavn is responsible to the City Council, and the Supreme Councillor stays in office only as long as he or she retains the support of the City Council. It is also the role of the City Council to elect the Lord Mayor and approve or reject his or her nominees for the State Council.


References[edit | edit source]

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